Introduction When troubleshooting audio equipment, a Signal Injector can be an invaluable tool to quickly identify where a problem lies in a system. A signal injector is a simple device that generates an audio test tone which can be injected at various points in an audio signal chain to trace […]

Introduction to Controlled Impedance PCB In the world of high-speed electronics, signal integrity is a crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked. As digital systems continue to push the boundaries of speed and performance, the need for reliable and efficient printed circuit boards (PCBs) becomes increasingly important. One key factor in […]

Introduction to PCB Fabrication Printed Circuit Board (PCB) fabrication is the process of creating circuit boards that electrically connect electronic components using conductive pathways, tracks or signal traces etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCBs are at the heart of every electronic device we use today, from […]

Introduction to Advanced Circuits PCB Advanced Circuits is a leading manufacturer of printed circuit boards (PCBs) in the United States. With over 30 years of experience in the industry, Advanced Circuits has built a reputation for providing high-quality PCBs to customers across various industries, including aerospace, medical, telecommunications, and consumer […]

Introduction to Rotary Encoders A rotary encoder is an electro-mechanical device that converts the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to analog or digital output signals. Rotary encoders are widely used in various applications, such as industrial controls, robotics, automotive systems, and computer peripherals, to measure rotation, […]

Introduction to Surface Mount Devices Surface Mount Devices, commonly known as SMDs, are electronic components that are designed to be mounted directly onto the surface of a printed circuit board (PCB). Unlike through-hole components, which require leads to be inserted into holes drilled in the PCB, SMDs are soldered directly […]

Introduction to BGA-PCB Ball Grid Array (BGA) is a surface-mount packaging technology that has revolutionized the world of printed circuit board (PCB) assembly. BGA Packages offer numerous advantages over traditional through-hole and surface-mount technologies, making them a popular choice for high-density, high-performance electronic devices. In this comprehensive article, we will […]

Introduction to PCB Inspection Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inspection is a crucial step in the manufacturing process to ensure the quality and reliability of electronic devices. PCB inspection involves examining the board for various defects, such as short circuits, open circuits, incorrect component placement, and soldering issues. In this article, […]

Introduction to PCB Assembly PCB assembly is the process of populating a printed circuit board (PCB) with electronic components to create a functional electronic device. The PCB serves as the foundation for the electronic circuit, providing the necessary electrical connections between components. The assembly process involves several steps, including solder […]

Introduction to ESP32 The ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power system on a chip (SoC) series with Wi-Fi & dual-mode Bluetooth capabilities. It is designed and developed by Espressif Systems, a Shanghai-based Chinese company. The ESP32 series employs a Tensilica Xtensa LX6 microprocessor in both dual-core and single-core variations and includes […]