Introduction to PCB Electrical Testing Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the backbone of modern electronics. They are used in almost every electronic device, from smartphones and computers to industrial equipment and aerospace systems. PCBs are designed to interconnect electronic components and provide a stable platform for their operation. To ensure […]

Introduction to PCB Quality and Failure Analysis Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in almost all modern electronic devices. The quality of PCBs directly impacts the performance, reliability, and longevity of these devices. Poor quality PCBs can lead to device malfunctions, short circuits, and even complete failures. Therefore, ensuring […]

Introduction to PCB Lay-up PCB (Printed Circuit Board) lay-up is a crucial step in the multi-layer PCB fabrication process. It involves stacking and aligning multiple layers of the PCB, including the core, prepreg, and copper foil, to create a compact and functional circuit board. The lay-up process ensures that the […]

What is ENEPIG? ENEPIG, short for Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Gold, is a multi-layer surface finish that consists of three distinct layers: Electroless Nickel (Ni): This layer acts as a barrier between the copper substrate and the subsequent layers, providing excellent corrosion resistance and a uniform surface for the […]

What is Solderability Testing? Solderability testing is a process used to evaluate the ability of electronic components and printed circuit boards (PCBs) to be soldered effectively. It assesses the wettability and adhesion properties of the surfaces to be soldered, ensuring reliable electrical connections and mechanical strength. Solderability testing is crucial […]

What is AOI Inspection? AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) is a critical process in the manufacturing of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and other electronic components. It involves using specialized cameras and image processing software to automatically inspect the quality of manufactured products for defects, such as missing components, incorrect component placement, […]

Understanding PCB Layers Before diving into the comparison between 2 layer and 4 layer PCBs, let’s first understand what PCB layers are and their significance. What are PCB Layers? PCB layers refer to the number of conductive copper layers within a PCB. These layers are used to route electrical signals […]

Introduction to PCB inspection Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inspection is a crucial step in ensuring the quality and reliability of electronic products. The PCB incoming inspection process is designed to identify and eliminate defects, anomalies, and non-conformities in the PCBs before they are used in the manufacturing process. This comprehensive […]

Introduction to PCB Manufacturing Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in modern electronic devices, from smartphones and computers to medical equipment and aerospace technology. PCB manufacturing is a complex process that involves designing, fabricating, and assembling electronic circuits on a non-conductive substrate. As the global demand for electronic devices […]

Introduction to PCB inspection Printed Circuit Board (PCB) assembly is a complex process involving many steps, from component placement to soldering. To ensure the quality and reliability of the final product, a thorough inspection is crucial. This final inspection is the last line of defense against any defects or issues […]