Introduction to SG90 Servo Motors SG90 servo motors are a popular choice for hobbyists and professionals alike due to their small size, low cost, and ease of use. These mini-size motors are commonly used in robotics, RC vehicles, and other applications where precise control of angular position is required. In […]

Introduction to ATMEGA8 The ATMEGA8 is a low-power, high-performance 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. It offers the following key features: 8KB of in-system programmable flash memory 1KB SRAM 512 bytes EEPROM 23 general-purpose I/O lines 32 general-purpose working registers Three flexible timer/counters with compare modes Internal […]

Introduction to PCB Temperature Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are essential components in most modern electronic devices. They provide the foundation for mounting and interconnecting various electronic components. However, one critical factor that can significantly impact the performance and reliability of PCBs is temperature. High temperatures can lead to a range […]

What is PCB Trace Thickness? PCB trace thickness refers to the thickness of the copper traces on a printed circuit board. These traces are the conductive paths that carry electrical signals and power between components on the board. The thickness of these traces is typically measured in ounces of copper […]

What is a DAC? A DAC is a device that takes a digital input signal, typically in the form of binary code, and converts it into a corresponding analog output signal. The analog signal can be in the form of voltage, current, or charge. DACs are used in a wide […]

Introduction to Atmega328 Microcontrollers The Atmega328 is a popular 8-bit microcontroller from Microchip (formerly Atmel). It is widely used in Arduino boards and other embedded systems due to its low cost, ease of use, and versatile features. There are two main variants of the Atmega328 microcontroller: – Atmega328 – Atmega328p […]

What is Free Energy? Free energy, also known as “over-unity” energy, refers to the idea of creating a system that can generate more energy than it consumes. In other words, it is the concept of producing energy without any external input or cost. The idea of free energy has captivated […]

Overview of PIC32 and STM32 PIC32 PIC32 is a family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the MIPS architecture, developed and manufactured by Microchip Technology. These microcontrollers are known for their high performance, low power consumption, and extensive peripheral set. PIC32 devices are suitable for a wide range of applications, including […]

What are PCB Pins? PCB pins, also known as printed circuit board pins or header pins, are small metal components that are used to create electrical connections between different parts of a printed circuit board (PCB). They are essential components in modern electronics, allowing for the easy and reliable connection […]

Introduction to Light Sensors Light sensors are electronic devices that detect and measure the presence, intensity, or wavelength of light. These sensors are essential components in various applications, ranging from consumer electronics to industrial automation systems. Light sensors convert the received light energy into electrical signals, which can be processed […]